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chore: sync content to repo (#9128)
Co-authored-by: kamranahmedse <4921183+kamranahmedse@users.noreply.github.com>
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# Archiving and Compressing
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# Archiving
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Linux archiving combines multiple files into single archives using `tar`, while compression reduces file sizes with `gzip` and `bzip2`. Use `tar cvf` to create archives, `tar xvf` to extract, and `tar cvzf` for gzip-compressed archives. These separate processes are often combined for efficient backup and distribution, with `tar.gz` and `tar.bz2` being common formats.
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Linux offers powerful utilities for archiving, where multiple files and directories are combined into a single file, primarily for backup and simplification of distribution. The main tools used for this purpose are `tar`, `gzip`, and `bzip2`.
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The `tar` command, originally for tape archiving, is a versatile tool that can manage and organize files into one archive. Meanwhile, `gzip` and `bzip2` are used for file compression, reducing the file size and making data transmission easier.
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Take a look at the following commands in use:
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# To create a tar archive:
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tar cvf archive_name.tar directory_to_archive/
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# To extract a tar archive:
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tar xvf archive_name.tar
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# To create a gzip compressed tar archive:
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tar cvzf archive_name.tar.gz directory_to_archive/
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#To create a bzip2 compressed tar archive:
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tar cvjf archive_name.tar.bz2 directory_to_archive/
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Remember, in Linux, archiving and compression are separate processes, hence `tar` to archive and `gzip`/`bzip2` to compress. Although they're commonly used together, they can very much be used separately as per the requirements.
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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- [@article@Linux File Packaging and Compression](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-file-packaging-and-compression-385413)
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- [@article@Compression and Archiving with `tar`, `gzip`, and `bzip2`](https://www.linuxbash.sh/post/compression-and-archiving-with-tar-gzip-and-bzip2)
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- [@article@Linux File Packaging and Compression](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-file-packaging-and-compression-385413)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/authentication-logs@WwybfdKuP9ogCGpT7d3NU.md

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Here is an example of how you can use the `tail` command to view the last few entries of the authentication log:
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```bash
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tail /var/log/auth.log
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```
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tail /var/log/auth.log
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/awk@QTmECqpRVMjNgQU70uCF8.md

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- [@article@IBM.com: Awk by Example](https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/l-awk1/)
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- [@article@AWK Tutorial](https://linuxhandbook.com/awk-command-tutorial/)
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- [@video@Learning Awk Is Essential For Linux Users](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YOZmI-zWok)
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- [@article@Linux awk Command: Text Processing](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-linux-awk-command-text-processing-388493)
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- [@video@Learning Awk Is Essential For Linux Users](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YOZmI-zWok)
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- [@feed@Explore top posts about Bash](https://app.daily.dev/tags/bash?ref=roadmapsh)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/background--foreground-processes@mUKoiGUTpIaUgQNF3BND_.md

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# Background and Foreground Processes
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Linux processes run in foreground (fg) taking direct user input or background (bg) running independently. Start background processes with `command &` or use `Ctrl+Z` then `bg` to pause and resume in background. Use `fg` to bring background processes to foreground. These job control commands enable managing multiple tasks from a single terminal efficiently.
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Linux processes run in foreground (taking direct user input) or background (running independently). Send processes to background with `&` or `bg` command. Bring to foreground with `fg`. Use Ctrl+Z to pause, then `bg` to resume in background. Part of job control for managing multiple tasks simultaneously from single terminal.
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/basic-commands@qLeEEwBvlGt1fP5Qcreah.md

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Linux Navigation Basics is about using simple commands to move around and manage files on your computer. For example, `cd` lets you go into different folders, `ls` shows you what files and folders are inside, and `pwd` tells you where you are currently. These commands help you easily find and organize your files.
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Learn more from the following resources:
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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- [@article@Linux Filesystem Navigation Basics](https://linuxconfig.org/filesystem-basics)
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- [@article@Linux Navigation and File Management](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/basic-linux-navigation-and-file-management)
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- [@article@Basic Navigation Commands: `cd`, `ls`, and `pwd` ](https://www.linuxbash.sh/post/basic-navigation-commands-cd-ls-and-pwd)
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- [@article@Basic Navigation Commands: cd, ls, and pwd ](https://www.linuxbash.sh/post/basic-navigation-commands-cd-ls-and-pwd)
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# Starting and Stopping Services
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# Checking Service Logs
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Linux service management involves controlling system services like databases, web servers, and network services. Use `systemctl start service_name` to start services, `systemctl stop service_name` to stop them, and `systemctl restart service_name` to restart. These commands require root permissions via sudo and are essential for system administration and configuration management.
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System logs are essential for troubleshooting and monitoring Linux systems. Most logs are stored in `/var/log` directory and managed by systemd. Use `journalctl` to view system logs and `journalctl -u service_name` for specific service logs. The `dmesg` command displays kernel messages. Regular log monitoring is crucial for system administration.
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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- [@article@Using systemctl Command [15 Examples] - Linux Handbook](https://linuxhandbook.com/systemctl-commands/)
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- [@article@Start, Stop & Restart Services in Ubuntu and Other Linux](https://itsfoss.com/start-stop-restart-services-linux/)
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- [@article@Start, Restart, and Stop Service Linux: 3 Effective Ways](https://linuxier.com/start-stop-and-restart-services-in-linux/)
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- [@article@How to Use journalctl Command to Analyze Logs in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/journalctl-command/)
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- [@article@journalctl — Linux manual page](https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/journalctl.1.html)
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- [@article@Linux Log Files Location & How To View Logs Files](https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-log-files-location-and-how-do-i-view-logs-files/)
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# Checking Service Status
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# Creating Services
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Checking service status in Linux helps monitor system health and troubleshoot issues. Use `systemctl status service_name` to view detailed service information including active state, process ID, and recent log entries. Commands like `systemctl is-active` and `systemctl is-enabled` provide quick status checks. Service status monitoring is crucial for maintaining system reliability and performance.
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Creating Linux services involves setting up background applications using systemd service files. Services run continuously performing essential tasks like web servers, databases, and mail servers. Create `.service` files in `/etc/systemd/system/` with Unit, Service, and Install sections. Control services using `systemctl` commands. Best practice: avoid running services as root for security.
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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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- [@article@Use systemctl Status Command to Check Service Status](https://linuxhandbook.com/systemctl-check-service-status/)
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- [@article@systemctl - [15 Examples] - Linux Handbook](https://linuxhandbook.com/systemctl-commands/)
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- [@article@Start, Restart, and Stop Service Linux: 3 Effective Ways](https://linuxier.com/start-stop-and-restart-services-in-linux/)
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- [@article@How to Create a systemd Service in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/create-systemd-services/)
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- [@article@A Beginner's Guide to Creating Linux Services](https://www.fosslinux.com/111815/a-guide-to-creating-linux-services-with-systemd.htm)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/command-help@KaMSsQnJzNqGHg0Oia4uy.md

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Visit the following resources to learn more:
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- [@opensource@tldr-pages/tldr](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr)
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- [@article@Using the Help Command in Linux](https://linuxhandbook.com/help-command/)
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- [@article@Chapter 10: Getting Help in Linux Terminal](https://itsfoss.com/linux-command-help/)
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- [@opensource@tldr-pages/tldr](https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr)
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- [@article@Get Help on Linux Commands](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-get-help-on-linux-commands-18000)
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- [@article@Get Help on Linux Commands](https://labex.io/tutorials/linux-get-help-on-linux-commands-18000)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/command-path@moGMHNR58wFlzhS7je1wc.md

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- [@article@Linux path environment variable](https://linuxconfig.org/linux-path-environment-variable)
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- [@article@How to find a path of a Linux command like a pro](https://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/finding-a-path-of-a-linux-command-like-a-pro/)
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- [@article@How to find a path of a Linux command like a pro](https://www.cyberciti.biz/howto/finding-a-path-of-a-linux-command-like-a-pro/)

src/data/roadmaps/linux/content/conditionals@rQxfp7UWqN72iqewZhOdc.md

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- [@article@Bash Scripting: Conditionals](https://linuxconfig.org/bash-scripting-conditionals)
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- [@article@Using If Else in Bash Scripts [Examples] - Linux Handbook](https://linuxhandbook.com/if-else-bash/)
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- [@article@Using If Else in Bash Scripts [Examples] - Linux Handbook](https://linuxhandbook.com/if-else-bash/)

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